​Protanopia

Protanopia is a congenital color deficiency, in which the cones sensitive to long wavelengths are missing (Fluck, 2014). The gene responsible for this deficiency is located on the X chromosome, making men more susceptible to having it.  Protanopia is often referred to as red-green colorblindness.  Individuals with this deficiency perceive blue at short wavelengths, yellow at long wavelengths, and gray at the neutral point of 492nm.  At the end of the long wavelength spectrum the individual will perceive a saturated yellow (Goldstein, 2010).  Protanopia affects 1 percent of men and 0.02 percent of women (National Eye Institute, 2015).